Physics - Key Stage 4 - Whiteboard presentation - Multimedia lesson

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Affect of radiation on live organisms
Subject: Physics
Level: Key Stage 4
Resource type: Whiteboard presentation
Teaching type: Multimedia lesson

Description

At the end of this activity, students should be able to:
– describe the operation of a scintillation counter, a Geiger-Müller counter and a Wilson cloud chamber
– explain the concepts of absorbed dose and dose equivalent and state the units of the two quantities
– name the main sources of radiation in the surrounding environment
– give examples of the effects of radiation.

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Resources Structure Key Stage 4 Physics XVIII. Nuclear physics 101. Affect of radiation on live organisms Exam Specifications Key Stage 4 AQA GCSE Science A (4461) Physics II. Physics 1b - Radiation and the Universe 2. What are the uses and dangers of emissions from radioactive substances? to evaluate the possible hazards associated with the use of different types of nuclear radiation to evaluate measures that can be taken to reduce exposure to nuclear radiations to evaluate the appropriateness of radioactive sources for particular uses, including as tracers, in terms of the type(s) of radiation emitted and their half-lives. The basic structure of an atom is a small central nucleus composed of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons. The atoms of an element always have the same number of protons, but have a different number of neutrons for each isotope. Some substances give out radiation from the nuclei of their atoms all the time, whatever is done to them. These substances are said to be radioactive. Identification of an alpha particle as a helium nucleus, a beta particle as an electron from the nucleus and gamma radiation as electromagnetic radiation. Properties of the alpha, beta and gamma radiations limited to their relative ionising power, their penetration through materials and their range in air. Alpha and beta radiations are deflected by both electric and magnetic fields but gamma radiation is not. The uses of and the dangers associated with each type of nuclear radiation. The half-life of a radioactive isotope is defined as the time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope in a sample to halve or the time it takes for the count rate from a sample containing the isotope to fall to half its initial level. AQA GCSE Physics (4451) IV. Physics 1b 14. What are the uses and hazards of the waves that form the electromagnetic spectrum? Different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation have different effects on living cells. These effects depend on the type of radiation and the size of the dose. 15. What are the uses and dangers of emissions from radioactive substances? to evaluate the possible hazards associated with the use of different types of nuclear radiation to evaluate measures that can be taken to reduce exposure to nuclear radiations The uses of and the dangers associated with each type of nuclear radiation. V. Physics 2 25. What happens to radioactive substances when they decay? Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons. Atoms of the same element which have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes. The total number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its mass number. The effect of alpha and beta decay on radioactive nuclei. The origins of background radiation. to explain how the Rutherford and Marsden scattering experiment led to the ‘plum pudding’ model of the atom being replaced by the nuclear model. The relative masses and relative electric charges of protons, neutrons and electrons. In an atom the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. The atom has no net electrical charge. Atoms may lose or gain electrons to form charged particles called ions. All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons. AQA GCSE Physics (4451) I. Physics 2 10. What are nuclear fission and nuclear fusion? Nuclear fission is the splitting of an atomic nucleus. For fission to occur the uranium 235 or plutonium 239 nucleus must first absorb a neutron The nucleus undergoing fission splits into two smaller nuclei and 2 or 3 neutrons and energy is released. The neutrons may go on to start a chain reaction. Nuclear fusion is the joining of two atomic nuclei to form a larger one Nuclear fusion is the process by which energy is released in stars. to sketch a labelled diagram to illustrate how a chain reaction may occur. There are two fissionable substances in common use in nuclear reactors, uranium 235 and plutonium 239.

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YDP SA

Keywords
affect, source, organism, organisms, live, radiation, absorbed, cloud, counter, scintillation, Geiger, Muller, Wilson, dose, equivalent, affect of radiation on live organisms

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Affect of radiation on live organisms

Type: Whiteboard presentation

School licence till: 22/05/2013

Price: 5.00 GBP

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This resource belongs to the following Packs:

Physics – Key Stage 4

School licence till: 22/05/2013

Price: 349.00 GBP (excl. VAT)

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